Future of IOT

 Future of IOT

 IoT stands for Internet of Things. It describes the network in which the Things(devices) are connected. The IoT has paved its way into the future. Day by day, the number of devices which are connected to the internet are increasing tremendously. By the year 2025, it is estimated that about 40-50 billion devices to be connected through IoT.

There is no doubt that IoT has made the life of humans easy. That is why more and more people have started to adopt IoT in their daily tasks. Every sector has begun to use IoT, which saves money and energy. The use of IoT will increase drastically in the near future.
IoT has a bright and great future in the fields of security, home automation, smart cities, smart manufacturing, smart logistics and what not. With the help of 5G, the speed of the data transfer will increase to a great extent. It will be almost 8-10 times faster than the existing network. Due to this increased speed, the IoT devices will be able to communicate amongst themselves at a much faster rate.
Many companies are already making use of machines and computers which include a combination of Artificial Intelligence and IoT. This can be taken to a next level by making more use of Augmented and Virtual reality.
Smart devices and appliances which come under home automation can be made more smart by introducing more new ways which will make our tasks easier. Smart refrigerators can be made that will ring an alarm when the stock of vegetables is about to get finished. Smart Washing Machines can be made which when connected to the Wi-Fi, will decide the amount of detergent to be used depending on the number of clothes put in it. Automatic dimming of light can be used on roads with the help of IoT when there are no vehicles on the road.

 
Here are some fields where IoT application can be done
        I.            More than 90% of businesses will use IoT by the end of 2022 According to the report from Microsoft, most businesses will use some form of IoT by the end of next year. The core IoT industries such as manufacturing, retail, transportation, government and healthcare continue to introduce cutting edge IoT applications and solutions to their daily operations. With the use of IoT, the business can monitor and increase productivity. IoT allows them to gain a better understanding of the market. Companies use cameras and other sensors to understand the kinetics of their customers. Most businesses are adopting new IoT solutions to increase efficiency

      II.            5G Networks will accelerate the IoT growth The Internet of Things is being transformed by 5G (IoT). It is a powerful technology that will enable a new generation of IoT use cases to make it more effective and efficient. 5G promises increased speed and connecting more smart devices simultaneously. Your smart devices will be able to gather, analyze, and manage the data more effectively with faster networks. It will boost consumer demand for new products and drive innovation at companies that make IoT devices. The commercial deployment and operation of 5G will positively affect the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry. One of those will be massive Internet of Things (IoT) networks. The use of 5G for IIoT networks will be of great importance to enterprise IIoT in the industry such as agriculture, logistics, and manufacturing.

    III.            Automobiles will get even smarter. IoT makes the moment in that you have your vehicle in your pocket. On the app, you can control and see your vehicle's stats with one tap. Business Insider forecast that nearly $267 billion will be spent on Automotive IoT use cases. With 5G, the auto industry will reach a new level. Car owners can keep an eye on their vehicles even remotely with telematics. Semi-autonomous cars with IoT can make on-the-spot decisions and partly control the vehicle's operations to avoid accidents and reduce the driver's workload. In addition to different proximity sensors and cameras, cars are integrated with IoT systems to reduce human error and make driving more comfortable and safer.
 
    IV.            Artificial intelligence will continue to become a more significant thing. Several businesses have already started adopting AI and IoT as part of their processes and products. A recent Tech Trend survey by SADA System found that AI and IoT are the most popular technologies today. It also found that AI and IoT are the leading technologies companies are investing in most to increase efficiency and provide a competitive advantage.
 
The global market revenue to reach approximately US$1.1 trillion by 2025 as predicted by IDC. An increase of 17% CAGR i.e. Compound Annual Growth Rate of Global IoT connections are predicted this means the CAGR will go from 7 billion to 25 billion from 2017 to 2025.

 Indian market analysis
According to the report [8] of NASSCOM ON IoT landscape, India to be at top in IoT adoption in Asia Pacific (APAC).
The IoT market size is expected to reach US$9 billion by 2020 with a growth rate of 62% CAGR. The number of IoT connections are expected to increase from US$60 million (2016) to US$1.9 billion by 2020.
Government of India initiatives on IoT
Initiatives taken by the The Government of India (GoI):
1.      Draft IoT Policy 2016- The Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DEITY) [9] launched India’s first draft IoT Policy Document in 2016 in line with the GOI’s vision of Digital India.
2.      National Digital Communications Policy (NDCP) 2018- The aim of this policy is to create a roadmap for the emerging technologies in areas like IoT resulting in improved efficiency and economy benefits.
3.      Smart Cities Mission (SCM) 2015- This mission aims to invest US$31b for developing 100 cities under SCM.
4.      IoT Centre of Excellence (CoE) by NASSCOM, DEITY and ERNET- )- CoE IoT aims at building “next wave” talent with funding, acceleration, incubation, mentoring and networking via IoT’s tart-ups Program.
 

 
IOT Security
 
1.      Authentication of all the entities before they can join the network using a public key cryptography and X.509 certificates signed by a trusted root authority. Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) should be used to store keys and certificates compliant hardware security modules.
2.       All computing systems should receive the latest security patches updates against known vulnerabilities.
3.      Data integrity is a basic mechanism of verifying the data based on cryptographic hashes like Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA).
4.      Data confidentiality is implemented using encryption standards/protocols like Transport Layer Security (TLS)/Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) for the secure transfer of data over the network.
5.      All the centralized infrastructure should be protected against Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) attacks.
6.      Heightened security can be provided through secure boot mechanisms in IoT devices.
 
 
Smart cities

 
Use in Agriculture
 
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations estimates that just about 800 million folks within the developing world stay chronically underfed. to boot, it estimates that the planet can got to turn out seventieth more food by 2050 so as to feed the growing population. this suggests that there's a desire for the agriculture trade to target dramatically increasing their potency and productivity while optimizing their resource allocation. IoT technologies will therefore be the catalyst to push agriculture to successive level. There are a unit many ways within which IoT is impacting agriculture these days. for instance, wireless IoT sensors area unit capable of foretelling weather conditions, measure hyper-local conditions of fields, and observation soil quality and wet. As a result, farmers aren't solely ready to arrange their course of activities in an exceedingly higher means beforehand, but they additionally understand exactly once and wherever they need to take preventive measures. Consequently, farmers are ready to improve the assembly output whereas conserving their resources and minimizing prices. Today, farmers will track the state and behaviour of eutherian remotely via IoT sensors and embedded devices. Even any, thanks to advancements in information analytics, they will run statistical predictions and appraise any necessary interventions for specific animals. for instance, IoT sensors have the power to advise a farmer that an animal is sick, in order that the same animal may be separated from the herd and measures may be adopted to forestall the unfold of the ill health. IoT devices and computer code area unit being deployed throughout a farm to observe crop health, manage inventory and provide chain and supply similar new and innovative service offerings. They also facilitate in daily farm activities. The diagram below highlights however IoT and different connected technologies area unit impacting agriculture businesses throughout the lifecycle from sourcing to selling and consumption.
 
IOT Draft Policy 2020
Incentives
a.      To market Venture Funds of Electronic Development Fund specifically directed to support firms in IoT connected domains like Memory, Processor, Sensors, Low power devices and star physics. this may be in the sort of low/ Zero value funding of eligible comes.
 
b.      To launch a program to be driven by associate existing/ new society through promotion of exports from the IoT product and services by facilitating space demand and strengthening the communication infrastructure at a subsidized rate for putting in IoT development Centers within the country. This program would aim at providing the subsequent benefits:
 
I. IoT organic process Centre will be set-up anyplace in India.
II. Imports of capital goods/ raw materials needed for producing IoT product foreign with a obligation advantage of up-to 100 percent.
III. Capital goods/ raw materials purchased from domestic market can be entitled for reimbursements of excise duty and standard time.
IV. For developing IoT centers, house & net would be created available at sponsored rates
c.       To support participation in leading international trade fairs to indicate case Indian industries’ capabilities in IoT, to see the progress and international trends in IoT and establish international IoT leaders World Health Organization will be enclosed in high level informatorily committee for IoT. To support this initiative.
I. Government can fund exhibition house value (up-to eightieth funding) to 1000 Indian SMEs (Small and small Enterprises) World Health Organization square measure well credit rated by National tiny Industries Corporation/ MSME and, are contributing to IoT business of India and wish international exposure to promote their product at international exhibitions and for study tours, subject to a most of Rs.6 lakhs per Enterprise each year.
II. Government also will fund (up-to 100%) IoT specific study tours by Industry Associations and supporting government organizations. We advocate that government ought to support the on top of mentioned initiatives through programs in hand by Ministry of MSME.
d.      Govt. of India is already providing incentives on IoT product in its M-SIPS policy, which can continue as associate freelance initiative over and on top of this policy.
 
GSMA IOT 2018 Guide
IOT by 2025
Without security, the Internet of Things can stop to exist. To enable a sure market, firms need to take responsibility to insert security from the start, at each stage of the IoT price chain. As the established, sure suppliers of secure IoT services in commissioned spectrum, mobile operators can not solely make sure the long-run sustainability and growth of the market, they additionally represent decades of extensive security experience. Therefore, the GSMA, at the side of the mobile business, has developed a comprehensive set of IoT Security Guidelines, backed by associate degree IoT Security Assessment theme, to produce a proven and sturdy approach to end-to-end security. The GSMA IoT Security Guidelines:
• embody eighty-five elaborated recommendations for the secure style, development, and deployment of IoT services
• cowl networks similarly as service and terminus ecosystems
• Address security challenges, attack models and risk assessments

The GSMA IoT Security Assessment:
• supported a structured approach and concise security controls
• Covers the full scheme
• will work into a provide chain model
• Provides a versatile framework that addresses the variety of the IoT market Multiple world operators and companies from the broader business have already adopted the rules and the assessment, which have proven to produce long-run price in making a sure IoT. The GSMA continues its work with mobile operators and therefore the wider business to further accelerate the adoption of the guidelines and therefore the assessment.

Future of IOT in Healthcare
 
Healthcare is the sector in which IOT has maximum potential. The subtle combination of Healthcare and IOT will have major benefits on the health sector. The examples for that will be a better monitoring, self-care, new methods for the prevention from disease. Talking about stats, according to the study by Statista almost 161 million healthcare IOT devices has been seen by the year 2020 and the number goes on in 2021 and further years.
 
IOT has the potential to make healthcare efficient and cheaper in the future. It can surely help in the creation of customized patient-oriented equipment. Moreover, IOT will also help in enabling patients to get better access to data. And this will lead to fewer visits to the hospitals.
 
Future uses of IOT in Healthcare: -
1. Efficient monitoring:- IOT will surely help in providing features and controllers to various essential  equipment in the hospital. As the equipment’s are critical while treatment, any defect and error in them can be fatal. Connecting IOTB devices will enable the staff to monitor their work.
 
2. Wearables in hospitals:-  Different gadgets that can easily monitor daily activities of the patients and store the data are available in the market. These devices can easily inform patients about their physical activities. They can surely help in preventing emergency, as patient’s information would be sent to the doctor immediately and thus the treatment according to that would be taken quickly.
 
3. Remote Monitoring: -Customized soft-wares and devices will read data accurately from medical cards of patients in real-time and help doctors in conducting a better analysis of patients’ health.
 
Future Benefits of IOT in Healthcare
·       Better Supervision and Reporting
Real-time supervision through IOT devices can surely save lives in medical emergencies such as asthma attacks, heart failures, heart attack, etc. The connected device can seamlessly collect essential data on patient’s health and transfer it to the physician in real-time.Talking about stats A study conducted by suggests that there was a 50% reduction in readmission rate of patients due to remote supervision and inclusion of IOT in the healthcare supervision.
·       End-to-End Connectivity
IOT can easily automate the workflow of patient care with the help of healthcare mobility solutions. It enables machine-to-machine communication, data movement and information exchange while making healthcare delivery more and more productive. Different connectivity protocols in the devices will allow hospital personnel to easily spot early signs of illness in the patients .
·       Data Analysis
IOT devices can collect the data, report and analyze the extensive data collected in short period of time, cutting the need of its storage. This will also allow healthcare providers in focusing on relevant data required to treat the patient. The data-driven insights will speed up the decision-making process of the doctors and it will benefit patient’s life.
·       Alerts and Tracking
Timely alerts during the monitoring can be crucial in case of life-threatening circumstances. IOT will allow medical devices to gather essential data and transfer it to doctors in real and fast time. The reports provide a perfect opinions on the patient’s condition, irrespective of their location or time.
·       Lower Costs
The connected devices and wearables will surely allow patients to connect easily with doctors from their homes. The visit for different tests and checkups ot the hospitals will be minimized. This will surely save cost as well as a time of patients on a daily basis.
·       Medication Management
With the help of smart wireless pill bottles, the tracking medication schedule will become far easy. This can help people who forget to take their medications on time. The IOT enabled medication management processes will also provide doctors with important analytics for offering better care to the patients and this will increase the trust on doctors.
 
Future Challenges of IOT in Healthcare
Talking about challenges that can be faced in IOT in healthcare. With the increase in the market for IOT in healthcare, the challenges are also bound to increase. Storing tons of data collected by many devices will pose a challenge to healthcare institutions in the future. As this data will also be exchanged with other devices, security issues will also rise in the particular sector. Unauthorized access to connected devices can cause harm to the patient’s safety in a large basis. Thus, proper and strong authentication will be necessary to achieve success with IOT. And IOT will surely make healthcare more effective.
Applications that IOT has to offer are not fully developed yet they are still in the development phase. The widespread of connected devices in the healthcare structure is also incomplete as all hospitals aren't comfortable with it. IOT and healthcare together will drastically change the service offerings in the hospitals. The digitalization in healthcare will be brought by the Internet of Things and this will really help the whole healthcare scenario.
 
Conclusion
IoT has become the most prominent technology of the 21st century in recent years. Human life is greatly affected by using the Internet of Things. IoT has revolutionized every field of our daily life. It allows machines to automate and perform repetitive and tedious tasks. IoT allows businesses to benefit economically and improve their productivity. Even a person can make their own life easier and more comfortable with the help of IoT technology. The Internet of Things has made our lives easier and smarter since its inception, but it also has some drawbacks. It is time to consider mitigating its flaws and step towards a bright future

Written By:

 Vishwakarma institute of technology 

• Sanket Jagdale (SY-ENTC)
• Niraj Jangale  (SY-ENTC)
• Ayush Jiwatode (SY-ENTC)
• Jaai Joshi (SY-ENTC)
• Piyush Kakade (SY-ENTC)